Ferritin levels certainly have a “sweet spot.”
However, that sweet spot is debatable.
“Study precludes any conclusions relating to the relationship between iron and cognition.”
Bottom line, your serum ferritin levels are not a reliable indicator of iron accumulation in your brain.
"Optimal ferritin sits between 40 and 100 ng/mL for most adults, a range well above the minimum cutoff labs use to flag deficiency and well below the levels that signal iron overload.
"Lower serum ferritin levels are associated with worse cognitive performance in aging.
Among individuals aged 65 years and older, higher SF levels were associated with better EF and language skills. However, after stratifying by sex, these associations remained significant only in men."
The Problem with “Within Normal Range but Low”
The conventional lab range for ferritin is wide and was designed to detect frank deficiency or disease — not to define optimal function. Mounting evidence suggests that even mild iron deficiency (serum ferritin below 20–35 µg/L) can produce symptoms such as fatigue, altered cognitive function, decreased aerobic performance, restless legs syndrome, and reduced sleep quality, Gremjournal — even without anemia. The WHO defines iron deficiency as ferritin below 15 ng/mL in healthy adults, but symptoms of low iron stores can appear long before ferritin drops below the lab’s flagged cutoff. ScienceInsights
On the cognitive side, serum ferritin is significantly and positively associated with cognition in aging, and in older people with low ferritin levels, iron supplementation may be a promising therapy to improve cognition. ScienceDirect
I think the proper supplement, if you are iron-deficient, is lactoferrin.
“In conclusion, this study provides evidence to support lactoferrin as a superior supplement to ferrous sulfate to improve serum iron, ferritin and hemoglobin levels. Lactoferrin-bound iron is not an iron supplement per se, but immune modulator affecting iron homeostasis via lactoferrin-dependent signal transduction mechanism”
Comparative Effects between Oral [Lactoferrin and Ferrous Sulfate]*Anemia: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials
“Lactoferrin has immunomodulatory activity [39]. Inflammatory cytokines IL-6 levels were extracted from 4 studies to evaluate inflammatory status after lactoferrin or ferrous sulfate intervention. Lactoferrin supplementation group had a lower IL-6 levels”