Glucosamine and Mitochondria (and possibly Chondroitin)

I have started taking a bit of glucosamine on a daily basis. (1.5g 2KCl). Looking at one of the paper chondroitin may also be useful. Reading up on this it strikes me as something that may be worth cycling in and out as it will reduce ATP production. It seems maybe that it should be taken around the same time as Rapamycin to build up on autophagy or alternatively at a time in a cycle that takes into account Rapamycin dosing.

It looks to be synergistic with Rapamycin in that it also encourages autophagy.

It is also reported to encourage mitogenesis by slightly inhibiting sugar processing.

Here are some other references:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006291X09025522

https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms4563

Novos Core’s website page was helpful in getting the links

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Interesting. I’ve taken glucosamine and chondroitin for 25 years as a prophylactic for knee health on the advice of my (then) ortho doc. This was way before I started thinking about longevity. Sometimes you get lucky.

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I’ve heard about glucosamine and chondroitin in the context of maintaining the extracellular matrix.

It appears chondrotin is targeted particularly at joints whereas glucosamine has a broader target range.

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I’m in a similar situation. I started taking it years ago and then read the paper that showed it significantly lowered all-cause mortality.
More recently, papers such as: Bonuccelli, et al Aging 2022 14(23), 9466 show that glucosamine is highly effective against cancer STEM CELLS. This points to a possible mechanism for the lower all-cause mortality result.

Needless to say I continue to take it…

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The effect on all cause mortality was only seen in observational trials but since there’s no real downside to glucosamine, it might be worth adding it to your stack if you can easily afford it.

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I find it really reduces my knee pain. I can tell the difference when I stop taking glucosamine and chondroitin.

Oh I did not know that. It got my attention when I read about ACM due to decreased risk of cardivascular events. Thanks

I think it is another thing that has the effect of improving mitochondrial quality. Hence that is likely to affect ACM.

Nicely it should be positive in a combinatory sense with Rapamycin although it strikes me as something to cycle. Its oral half life is 11 hours.

Chondrotin strikes me as something specifically for joints. I may give it a shot as well although I don’t have any joint pain.

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I am checking the price and it is really affordable, 500g = 13,95 EUR (almost a year supply at 1,5g/day)

What is your dose @DeStrider? I get some joint pain from time to time in my knee that I after your comments on crossing the legs I identified as the cause since I spend almost my entire working schedule with my right knee crossed over my left, and yes, I get from time to time this pain in my right knee that is quite annoying. If this helps that would be great, since I tried working with my legs uncrossed but it is just impossible.

Yes, the knee crossing causes me pain. What I do now is put my feet up on another chair while I work.

I take two a day of the following:

The quantities on the front are for 3 tablets. I take only 2 and it’s good enough for me. So about 1000 mg Glucosamine 800 mg Chondroitin and 670 mg MSM

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If crossing your knees elicit knee pain? Then I would take into account that the hip joint quite often refer pain to the knee. A differential diagnostic between the hip joint and the knee is a very relevant step to take.

One way to do this is to force hip joint into maximal internal rotation. And see if that elicit knee pain.

I don’t know exactly what you mean.
When my legs are crossed I have no pain, it feels really comfortable, but later sometimes when walking, running or at yoga I would notice a sharp pain in the right knee. If my legs are uncrossed and when I am not moving right knee has a dull pain like feeling in the background, but on scale 1-10 it is probably 1. When doing yoga I also do many hip rotation exercises, but hip rotation itself would not cause me pain. The only hip/knee exercise I notice pain in my knee it is “lizard” pose, essentially a hip opener but there is a lot of side force on knee joint too.

When I cross my legs at the knee, it does not cause pain. However later on the pain occurs. I traced it down to crossing my legs at the knee. So, sometimes I cross my legs at the ankles. That seems to work as well.

Sorry, @scta123 and @DeStrider, if I brought confusion into this thread. What I try to convey is that it is often fruitful to rule out the hip joint as the cause of knee pain.

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I read that, when it comes to cancer, glucosamine might have different site-specific correlations.

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Looking at the details of the paper:

Results:

A total of 450,207 eligible participants (mean age: 56.2 years; females: 53.3%) were included, of whom 84,895 (18.9%) reported regular glucosamine use at baseline. During a median of 12.5 years follow-up, glucosamine use was significantly associated with an increased risk of overall cancer [HR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.06], skin cancer (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07–1.15), and prostate cancer (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01–1.13), and with a reduced risk of lung cancer (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79–0.97) after adjusting for potential confounders. Statistical interaction was observed for gender, age, and education for the association of glucosamine use with overall cancer risk (all P interaction < 0.027). These results remained unchanged in the sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:

Regular glucosamine use was associated with lower risk of lung cancer but higher risk of skin cancer, prostate cancer, and overall cancer.

I would like really to look at how they do their statistical analysis. If Glucosoamine usage and cancer are more prevalent in older people adjusting for the effect of age on cancer to calculate the merits of Glocosamine is difficult.

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Maybe I am an outlier, but before I started taking rapamycin, I had significant joint pain, especially in my hips and knees. This was mostly at night when I was sleeping. I bought a special pillow to place between my legs, as I am a side sleeper.

When I started taking rapamycin, I was taking high doses to the point it was causing me to have diarrhea. After about two months of high doses, I noticed that I no longer had any hip pains.
At this time I reduced my rapamycin doses to a point that I had no subjective side effects. Several months later my knee pains went away.

Today I am entirely pain-free. This does amaze me and I am thankful because all around me are old people complaining of their aches and pains.

Am I the only one in the forum that have experienced a significant or complete reduction of joint pains after taking rapamycin?

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Yes, glucosamine is not a clear case. Glucosamine is good for joint pain, and it reduces ACM mostly due to the correlation with reduced cardiovascular death. So we have a lower ACM, in spite of a somewhat increased correlation with some cancers.

These correlations make me think that glucosamine is recommended for people with joint pain and cardiovascular problems (or a family history of cardiovascular events).

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Ten year old blogpost by Vince Giuliano on glucosamine.

  1. Glc-N: a Glycolysis inhibitor
  2. Glc-N: an AMPK activator
  3. Glc-N: mechanism is not significantly dependent on Sirtuins
  4. The mitochondrial biogenesis was due to AMPK
  5. Antioxidants prevent Glc-N-mediated lifespan extension
  6. Mitohormesis – Transient Increase in ROS required for producing oxidative stress-resistant worms.
  7. MAPK pathways and Nrf2 pathways
  8. Glc-N intake in humans does not increase blood glucose
  9. SKN-1: the transcription factor that turns on 36% of the genes affected by GlcN.
  10. N-acetyl-glucosamine has a different mechanism of action from D-glucosamine
  11. Glc-N is safe, unlike 2-Deoxyglucose

Glucosamine may also be the basis of anti-cancer therapies

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