Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with metabolic abnormalities linked to critical elements of neurodegeneration. We recently administered combined metabolic activators (CMA) to the AD rat model and observed that CMA improves the AD-associated histological parameters in the animals. CMA promotes mitochondrial fatty acid uptake from the cytosol, facilitates fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria, and alleviates oxidative stress. …
Based on the integrative network analysis of multi-omics data of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, we have developed the combined metabolic activators (CMA) consisting of L -serine, N -acetyl cysteine (NAC), nicotinamide riboside (NR), and L -carnitine tartrate (LCAT, the salt form of L -carnitine) and showed that administration of CMA activates mitochondria, and improves inflammatory markers in animals and humans [34,35,36,37,38]. We have found that the CMA administration promotes mitochondrial fatty acid uptake from the cytosol, facilitates fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria, and alleviates oxidative stress [39].
Conclusions
The present phase 2 clinical study suggested that oral administration of CMA improves metabolic alterations in AD patients, and that CMA is safe and well-tolerated, with no major safety concerns identified. The safety profile of metabolic activators in AD patients is consistent with the results of our previous one-day calibration study and phase 2 and 3 clinical trials. Importantly, our findings indicated that CMA has positive effects on cognitive functions and markers of metabolic abnormalities, especially in patients with severe AD. Of note, our results should be interpreted with caution until being confirmed by a randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trial.
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25 grams of L-serine and 2 grams of NR a day is a huge dose, isn’t it?