This is a mendelian randomization study of blood caffeine levels and risk of T2DM, adipocity and CVD, with possible implications for coffee consumption. Interesting that there was no impact on CVD.
Appraisal of the causal effect of plasma caffeine on adiposity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease: two sample mendelian randomisation study
“No strong associations were reported between genetically predicted plasma caffeine concentrations and a risk of any of the studied cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusions
Higher plasma caffeine concentrations might reduce adiposity and risk of type 2 diabetes. Further clinical study is warranted to investigate the translational potential of these findings towards reducing the burden of metabolic disease.”