The detrimental impacts of postprandial hyperglycemia on health are a critical concern, and exercise is recognized a pivotal tool in enhancing glycemic control after a meal. However, current exercise recommendations for managing postprandial glucose levels remain fairly broad and require deeper clarification. This review examines the existing literature aiming to offer a comprehensive guide for exercise prescription to optimize postprandial glycemic management. Specifically, it considers various exercise parameters (i.e., exercise timing, type, intensity, volume, pattern) for crafting exercise prescriptions. Findings predominantly indicate that moderate-intensity exercise initiated shortly after meals may substantially improve glucose response to a meal in healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, incorporating short activity breaks throughout the exercise session may provide additional benefits for reducing glucose response.
“We suggest that maintaining a youthful metabolism into older age may be protective against frailty.”
On average, aging is associated with unfavorable changes in cellular metabolism, which are the processes involved in the storage and expenditure of energy. However, metabolic dysregulation may not occur to the same extent in all older individuals as people age at different rates. Those who are aging rapidly are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes and are said to be “frail.” Here, we explore the links between frailty and metabolism, including metabolic contributors and consequences of frailty. We examine how metabolic diseases may modify the degree of frailty in old age and suggest that frailty may predispose toward metabolic disease. Metabolic interventions that can mitigate the degree of frailty in people are reviewed. New treatment strategies developed in animal models that are poised for translation to humans are also considered. We suggest that maintaining a youthful metabolism into older age may be protective against frailty.
This is exactly what I find it most effective for postprandial glycemic control as a type 1 diabetic. Note that the intensity should be light to moderate, as more intense exercise can spike glucose due to a cortisol response. For example, I find a 20 minute slow or moderate walk more effective than a brief round of intense training.
On the other hand, I find that when weight training, the cortisol/blood sugar spike of an intense session can usually be offset by making it a longer 30-45 minute session of 3+ exercises of 3-4 sets to near exhaustion. This also increases insulin sensitivity later in the day. This is not especially effective for offsetting postprandial spikes, but it does allow an intense training session without a subsequent spike.
Does anyone have the full paper or could post these sections (that just are snippets in the link above):
Impact of metabolic interventions to modify frailty in humans
Metabolic factors, including poor nutrition, impaired energy production, and other lifestyle factors, contribute to the development of frailty. It is also evident that frailty has detrimental metabolic consequences that can, in turn, exacerbate preexisting frailty in a vicious cycle. Based on this, interventions designed to attenuate frailty by improving metabolic function have been investigated in clinical studies. Most studies directed at improving metabolism in frailty have used dietary
Preclinical studies of interventions that affect frailty
The adaptation of the clinical frailty phenotype and frailty index tools for use in animal models is an important advance for studies of links between frailty and metabolism. The frailty phenotype was first measured in naturally aging mice by quantifying four of the five factors used in humans (e.g., grip strength, speed, endurance, and physical activity),102 although subsequent studies have assessed all five factors.103 Mice are scored as frail, mildly frail, or not frail based on deviations.
