# Calorie Restriction, Okinawa and lifespan conclusions? **URL:** \ **Category:** General\ **Created:** [April 2, 2022, 9:29am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045 "2022-04-02T09:29:43Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 20\ **Page:** 2
**Author:** ![RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/rapadmin/32/377_2.png) [@RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/RapAdmin)\ **Post date:** [May 11, 2022, 6:56pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/21 "2022-05-11T18:56:50Z")
No there have not been any specific studies I know of that have been focused on the microbiome impact of rapamycin - but I think that is a ripe area for research. There is no question that Rapamycin has a big impact on microbiome (mostly positive it seems, given the longevity results)… in the mouse studies the stools are much smaller, and in my own personal experience the stools seems to also be quite a bit smaller and darker in color. See image below, [from this study](https://elifesciences.org/articles/16351). ![lax_16351_elife-16351-fig5-v2.tif](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/2X/4/47156f8f07bbed916518fcc68f70ca687ef88c91.jpeg) ---
**Author:** ![tdecicco7](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/ba8739/32.png) [@tdecicco7](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/tdecicco7)\ **Post date:** [May 11, 2022, 6:58pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/22 "2022-05-11T18:58:00Z")
I realize that that the microbiome is one area of health I have neglected. Can you recommend a book to get me up to speed? ---
**Author:** ![Goran](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/g/a6a055/32.png) [@Goran](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Goran)\ **Post date:** [May 11, 2022, 7:08pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/23 "2022-05-11T19:08:39Z")
Wow that is so interesting, hopefully scientists will pick up on this. Could MTOR suppression and microbiome have some big connection that is important, but overlooked? ---
**Author:** ![RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/rapadmin/32/377_2.png) [@RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/RapAdmin)\ **Post date:** [May 11, 2022, 7:24pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/24 "2022-05-11T19:24:27Z")
> [@tdecicco7](#): > > Can you recommend a book to get me up to speed? This is a pretty new area of research - and from the podcasts I’ve been listening to with the researchers everthing is still just correlational data… no much in the way of good clinical trials. I recommend you listen to some of the Rhonda Patrick microbiome oriented interviews and then branch out from there: [https://www.youtube.com/results?search\_query=rhonda+patrick+microbiome](https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=rhonda+patrick+microbiome) ---
**Author:** ![ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ajmch/32/1666_2.png) [@ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/ajmch)\ **Post date:** [May 12, 2022, 5:26am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/25 "2022-05-12T05:26:32Z")
> **[Higher protein intake during caloric restriction improves diet quality and...](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35538903/)** > > Increasing dietary protein during CR improves diet quality and may be another reason for reduced LBM, but it requires further study. But > **[Protein restriction and branched-chain amino acid restriction promote...](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35526271/)** > > The proportion of humans suffering from age-related diseases is increasing around the world, and creative solutions are needed to promote healthy longevity. Recent work has clearly shown that a calorie is not just a calorie-and that low protein diets... It seems that it comes down to the specific kind of proteins, or maybe their composition, their specific distributon of aminoacids. For example, using a CGM, I observed that lean fish generates a much higher glucose spike than fat fish (or lean beef meat). And this probably depends on the microbiome. ---
**Author:** ![rivasp12](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/r/e47774/32.png) [@rivasp12](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/rivasp12)\ **Post date:** [May 12, 2022, 1:26pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/26 "2022-05-12T13:26:06Z")
I think it increases segmented, filamentous bacteria. > **[Brief Rapamycin Therapy in Middle-aged Mice Extends Lives - UW Medicine:...](https://give.uwmedicine.org/stories/brief-rapamycin-therapy-middle-aged-mice-extends-lives/)** > > Researchers studying the biology of aging (geroscience) briefly treated middle-age mice with the drug rapamycin to gauge the long-term effects of short-term therapy on health and longevity. Rapamycin, approved by the Food & Drug Administration... ---
**Author:** ![ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ajmch/32/1666_2.png) [@ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/ajmch)\ **Post date:** [May 13, 2022, 5:18am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/27 "2022-05-13T05:18:25Z")
[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-00974-4](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41392-022-00974-4) # Microbiota in health and diseases In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of how microbiota links to host health or pathogenesis. We first summarize the research of microbiota in healthy conditions, including the gut-brain axis, colonization resistance and immune modulation. Then, we highlight the pathogenesis of microbiota dysbiosis in disease development and progression, primarily associated with dysregulation of community composition, modulation of host immune response, and induction of chronic inflammation. Finally, we introduce the clinical approaches that utilize microbiota for disease treatment, such as microbiota modulation and fecal microbial transplantation. ---
**Author:** ![Goran](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/g/a6a055/32.png) [@Goran](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Goran)\ **Post date:** [May 13, 2022, 6:06pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/28 "2022-05-13T18:06:47Z")
Thank you for that link. That was a treasure of information. Incredible. ---
**Author:** ![RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/rapadmin/32/377_2.png) [@RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/RapAdmin)\ **Post date:** [May 13, 2022, 6:12pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/29 "2022-05-13T18:12:27Z")
> [@ajmch](#): > > lean fish generates a much higher glucose spike than fat fish (or lean beef meat). Interesting observation… I will check this when I have my CGM on, to see if I get the same results. What fish do you eat that you believe falls into the “fat fish” vs. “lean fish” categories? ---
**Author:** ![ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ajmch/32/1666_2.png) [@ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/ajmch)\ **Post date:** [May 13, 2022, 6:33pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/30 "2022-05-13T18:33:08Z")
Yes, that was surprising. I remember that I looked it up back then, and found this: > **[Eating Fish and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A population-based, prospective...](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2768220/)** > > To investigate the relation between total fish, type of fish (lean and fatty), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in a population-based cohort.The analysis included 4,472 Dutch... > After 15 years of follow-up, 463 participants developed type 2 diabetes. Median fish intake, mainly lean fish (81%), was 10 g/day. Total fish intake was associated positively with risk of type 2 diabetes; the RR was 1.32 (95% CI 1.02–1.70) in the highest total fish group (≥28 g/day) compared with that for non–fish eaters (_P_ trend = 0.04). Correspondingly, lean fish intake tended to be associated positively with type 2 diabetes (RR highest group ]≥23 g/day] 1.30 [95% CI 1.01–1.68]; _P_ trend = 0.06), but fatty fish was not. For me, lean fish was cod, halibut. Fatty fish was salmon. Las, I don’t like fatty fish… 😐 ---
**Author:** ![ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ajmch/32/1666_2.png) [@ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/ajmch)\ **Post date:** [May 13, 2022, 6:43pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/31 "2022-05-13T18:43:47Z")
And the following paper possibly shows the future (and is good news!) in that domain: [Noninvasive assessment of gut function using transcriptional recording sentinel cells (science.org)](https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm6038) > Transcriptional recording by CRISPR spacer acquisition from RNA endows engineered _Escherichia coli_ with synthetic memory, which through Record-seq reveals transcriptome-scale records. Microbial sentinels that traverse the gastrointestinal tract capture a wide range of genes and pathways that describe interactions with the host, including quantitative shifts in the molecular environment that result from alterations in the host diet, induced inflammation, and microbiome complexity. We demonstrate multiplexed recording using barcoded CRISPR arrays, enabling the reconstruction of transcriptional histories of isogenic bacterial strains in vivo. Record-seq therefore provides a scalable, noninvasive platform for interrogating intestinal and microbial physiology throughout the length of the intestine without manipulations to host physiology and can determine how single microbial genetic differences alter the way in which the microbe adapts to the host intestinal environment. ---
**Author:** ![ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ajmch/32/1666_2.png) [@ajmch](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/ajmch)\ **Post date:** [May 14, 2022, 10:34am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/32 "2022-05-14T10:34:02Z")
À propos CGM: Abbott now has a version 3 of the Freestyle Libre (incl. new app), that is MUCH better than the former system: you don’t have to place the phone (or device) near the sensor any longer – the reading in the app is permanent, real-time, and the sensor is much smaller, less than half. Same pricing, same autonomy. But I see that they don’t offer it yet on their US website. I ordered mine on their Swiss site, where it is available since May 1st (albeit the iOS app should be available only in July). ![image](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/2X/4/4a9dd27139da1a526185e8b9274ff20a4fd512d1.jpeg) And I put it on this morning. Nice! ![image](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/2X/6/69e2ebc49bb2fb90625aa87fb7bc9b2efdf8ddf5.png) ---
**Author:** ![RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/rapadmin/32/377_2.png) [@RapAdmin](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/RapAdmin)\ **Post date:** [May 14, 2022, 4:16pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/33 "2022-05-14T16:16:43Z")
and soon… Apple sensor supplier Rockley Photonics is rolling out [VitalSpex](https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220504005702/en/Rockley-Photonics-Announces-Shipment-of-VitalSpex%E2%84%A2-Pro-Biosensing-Technology-for-Alcohol-Lactate-and-Glucose-Measurement), a biosensing platform that can noninvasively monitor glucose, alcohol, and lactate. > **[Glucose Monitoring Gets an Upgrade](https://insider.fitt.co/glucose-monitoring-gets-an-upgrade/)** > > Apple just might be the beneficiary. ---
**Author:** ![Davin8r](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/davin8r/32/30524_2.png) [@Davin8r](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Davin8r)\ **Post date:** [May 14, 2022, 6:39pm UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/34 "2022-05-14T18:39:44Z")
Not just glucose but _lactate_ measured non-invasively by that system! Getting lactate measurements is currently a huge PITA and quite expensive, yet it’s the only way really accurately assess exercise training zones. Being able to do it non-invasively in real time would be amazing! ---
**Author:** ![DeStrider](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/destrider/32/19418_2.png) [@DeStrider](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/DeStrider)\ **Post date:** [January 28, 2025, 1:59am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/35 "2025-01-28T01:59:58Z")
In Okinawa. This is my breakfast. ![IMG20250128105852](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/7/e/7ecdff67c6c8ec81050c0bb75a890430bc4d381d.jpeg) Here are two famous types of Okinawan seaweed. The green one is ‘sea grapes’. It has the texture of caviar but a more neutral and pleasant taste (not salty). The second is brown seaweed (usually served in vinegar) high in Fucoidans. Both types are served regularly as side dishes. Could be linked to their longevity. ![IMG20250128110125](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/c/2/c25e977d85726c9318af3f1987dc60a6e1b0779a.jpeg) ![IMG20250128110133](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/b/c/bce85e8dcfac2a2ea176193d2ce629f5157650ed.jpeg) Saw this at an Okinawan T-shirt shop. It could also typify why Okinawan people live longer. ![IMG_20250128_110738](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/3/e/3e85bc8e1c1d4fd52db0f8a3800e00973757d57b.jpeg) ---
**Author:** ![Pat25](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/p/e19b73/32.png) [@Pat25](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Pat25)\ **Post date:** [February 1, 2025, 12:54am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/36 "2025-02-01T00:54:59Z")
Oh wow, fantastic pictures, enjoy your time there! Will you share some pictures of the surroundings? Must be absolutely stunning and fascinating! > [@DeStrider](#): > > In Okinawa. This is my breakfast. ---
**Author:** ![DeStrider](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/destrider/32/19418_2.png) [@DeStrider](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/DeStrider)\ **Post date:** [February 1, 2025, 2:42am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/37 "2025-02-01T02:42:06Z")
I am back in Hong Kong now, but here are some pics I took. ![IMG20250129133741](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/6/7/67a783269e82803589848fc0ee3df471b5db6e6b.jpeg) ![IMG20250129134303](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/0/1/01ca8886a59f1068c08516d9ec8394d01146ad3c.jpeg) ![IMG20250127200832](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/f/3/f360460c8995966efcb86eecf9855ff3ff9d0216.jpeg) I don’t take too many pictures… 😄 ---
**Author:** ![CronosTempi](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/cronostempi/32/2504_2.png) [@CronosTempi](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/CronosTempi)\ **Post date:** [February 1, 2025, 6:29am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/38 "2025-02-01T06:29:35Z")
> [@DeStrider](#): > > [ > KB > ](https://www.rapamycin.news/uploads/default/original/3X/c/2/c25e977d85726c9318af3f1987dc60a6e1b0779a.jpeg) Beautiful. Okinawa really does feel very different from the rest of Japan. Okinawans are their own ethnic group I guess. ---
**Author:** ![Pat25](https://www.rapamycin.news/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/p/e19b73/32.png) [@Pat25](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Pat25)\ **Post date:** [February 2, 2025, 11:34am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/39 "2025-02-02T11:34:41Z")
Thanks so much for sharing. Hope you had a wonderful time there! It must be such a unique region to visit, as CT also underlines. ---
**Author:** ![Ray1](https://www.rapamycin.news/user_avatar/www.rapamycin.news/ray1/32/5998_2.png) [@Ray1](https://www.rapamycin.news/u/Ray1)\ **Post date:** [November 26, 2025, 3:16am UTC](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045/40 "2025-11-26T03:16:04Z")
More study should be done of various genetic groups. Okinawans of course, but the Pygmy peoples may prove to be more important. These impressive people are under severe threat everywhere they live. The average life expectancy at birth for different pygmy populations ranges from just 16 years to 24 years. Very few pygmy women reach the end of their reproductive period, as only a small percentage survive past age 40. In order to compensate for the lack of older reproductive women, natural selection has shifted the reproductive period forward. The fertility peak of age at first reproduction in the Aeta is around 15 years old, which reduces generation time and compensates for their short lifespan. In order to make this fertility shift, pygmies must reach full maturity faster than longer-lived human populations. For this reason, many pygmies stop growing at about age 12, several years earlier than other humans." [Previous page](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045.md?page=1) [Next page](https://www.rapamycin.news/t/calorie-restriction-okinawa-and-lifespan-conclusions/1045.md?page=3)